Choosing the right motor is critical for the efficiency and productivity of the motion control applications. It can be difficult to choose between servo motors and stepper motors as there are so many considerations: cost, torque, efficiency, speed, circuitry and more.
## Differences in Servo Motors and Stepper Motors for Motion Control Applications
## Differences in Servo Motors and Stepper Motors for Motion Control Applications:
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- The main difference between these motors comes from the overall pole count. Stepper motors have a high pole count, usually between 50 and 100. Servo motors have a low pole count – between 4 and 12.
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- The need for an encoder and gearbox makes the system more mechanically complex, leading to more frequent maintenance and higher costs.
## Key Questions of Stepper Motors:
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### How to Choose Steppers Motors for DIY CNC machines?
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Choosing a stepper very much depends on the type of machine you have or are going to build and the material you are going to cut. The most technical ways of choosing the stepper motors are mentioned in [Motor Sizing](https://www.orientalmotor.com/technology/motor-sizing-calculations.html). This repository contains the simplest way to choose a stepper motor for the DIY CNC machines. You can find more details in [Stepper Motors and Controllers](https://rckeith.co.uk/how-to-choose-steppers-motors-and-controllers-for-diy-cnc-machines/). Let's start with understanding the NEMA standard.
- NEMA (National Electrical Manufacturers Association) is a standard that defines the size of the faceplate of the motor.
- Two of the most popular sizes for DIY machines are NEMA17 (1.7 in x 1.7 in) and NEMA23 (2.3 in x 2.3 in).
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## How to choose Steppers Motors for DIY CNC machines
### How to Understand the Stepper Motor Specifications?
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The most technical ways of choosing the stepper motors are mentioned in [Motor Sizing](https://www.orientalmotor.com/technology/motor-sizing-calculations.html). This repository contains the simplest way to choose a stepper motor for the DIY CNC machines. You can find more details in [Stepper Motors and Controllers](https://rckeith.co.uk/how-to-choose-steppers-motors-and-controllers-for-diy-cnc-machines/). Let's start with the NEMA standard.
> #### 1) Unipolar / Bipolar
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- Stepper motors can be bipolar or unipolar. This has to do with the way coils are connected. In all cases, we use bipolar motors.
- A bipolar stepper motor has an onboard driver that uses an H bridge circuit to reverse the current flow through the phases. By energizing the phases while alternating the polarity, all the coils can be put to work turning the motor.
- In practical terms, this means that the coil windings are better utilized in a bipolar than a standard unipolar stepper motor (which only uses 50% of the wire coils at any one time), making bipolar stepper motors more powerful and efficient to run.
-NEMA (National Electrical Manufacturers Association) is a standard that defines the size of the faceplate of the motor.
-For the same reason, bipolar motors have a high torque output. But it needs more complex circuitry to switch the coils.
- Two of the most popular sizes for DIY machines are NEMA17 (1.7 in x 1.7 in) and NEMA23 (2.3 in x 2.3 in).
- This isn’t an issue because the driver modules do this for us. Nearly all motors for hobby CNC machines are sold as bipolar.
